Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Develop a population health improvement plan, based on your evaluation of the best available demographic, environmental, and epidemiological data, that focuses on your diagnosis of a widespread population health issue.
Part of effectively engaging in evidence-based practice is the ability to synthesize raw health data with research studies and other relevant information in the literature. This will enable you to develop sound interventions, initiatives, and outcomes to address health concerns that you find in data during the course of your practice. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
evaluate community demographic, environmental, and epidemiological data to diagnose a widespread population health issue, which will be the focus of a health improvement plan that you develop.
Apply evidence-based practice to design interventions to improve population health.
Evaluate community demographic, epidemiological, and environmental data to diagnose widespread population health issues.
Develop an ethical health improvement plan to address a population health issue within a community.
Evaluate outcomes of evidence-based interventions.
Propose criteria for evaluating population health improvement plan outcomes.
Evaluate the value and relative weight of available evidence upon which to make a clinical decision.
Justify the value and relevance of evidence used as the basis of a population health improvement plan. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Synthesize evidence-based practice and academic research to communicate effective solutions.
Develop a strategy for communicating with colleagues and members of the community in an ethical, culturally sensitive, and inclusive way.
Integrate relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.
As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.
Recall an experience you have had working with a population, or as part of a community health improvement initiative, or a time in your care setting that you observed this type of work within your organization or community.
How were data and information about the community incorporated into the work?
Was the diversity of culture and beliefs in the community taken into account?
Were other, secondary, health concerns of the community also taken into account?
Were the economic and daily environmental realities of the community taken into account?
What, if any, ethical issues were considered in working with specific groups and stakeholders in the community?
What suggestions might you offer for doing things differently, if you could revisit that work?
Would you set different goals?
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What evidence would you present to support your recommendations? Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
● Resource
● The resources provided here are optional. You may use other resources of your choice to prepare for this assessment; however, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The MSN-FP6011 – Evidence-Based Practice for Patient-Centered Care and Population Health Library Guide can help direct your research, and the Supplemental Resources and Research Resources, both linked from the left navigation menu in your courseroom, provide additional resources to help support you. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Evidence-Based Practice
Cabassa, L. J., Stefancic, A., O’Hara, K., El-Bassel, N., Lewis-Fernández, R., Luchsinger, J. A., . . . Palinkas, L. A. (2015). Peer-led healthy lifestyle program in supportive housing: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 16, 388–401.
Dombrowski, J. J., Snelling, A. M., & Kalicki, M. (2014). Health promotion overview: Evidence-based strategies for occupational health nursing practice. Workplace Health & Safety, 62(8), 342–9, 350.
Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Health Sciences.
Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Health Sciences: Review Levels of Evidence.
The Joint Commission. (2016). Health care leaders meet, address health care disparity. Retrieved from www.jointcommission.org/health_care_leaders_meet_address_health_care_disparity_/ Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
SHOW LESS
Triple Aim
American Hospital Association. (2015). Zeroing in on the Triple Aim [PDF]. Retrieved from www.aha.org/content/15/brief-3aim.pdf
Berwick, D. M., Nolan, T. W., & Whittington, J. (2008). The Triple Aim: Care, health, and cost. Health Affairs, 27(3), 759–769.
Institute for Healthcare Improvement. (2016). Triple Aim for populations. Retrieved from http://www.ihi.org/Topics/TripleAim/Pages/default.aspx
Research Guides
Database Guide: Ovid Nursing Full Text PLUS.
Kaplan, L. (n.d.). Framework for how to read and critique a research study. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/~4afdfd/globalassets/practiceandpolicy/innovation–evidence/framework-for-how-to-read-and-critique-a-research-study.pdf
Nursing Masters (MSN) Research Guide.
Assessment Instructions
Preparation
Your organization is undertaking a population health improvement initiative focused on one of the pervasive and chronic health concerns in the local community. Examples of health improvement initiatives include nationwide concerns, such as type 2 diabetes, HIV, obesity, and Zika. However, your organization has asked you to determine which widespread health concern should be addressed in a population health improvement plan for the community in which you practice and has entrusted you with gathering and evaluating the relevant data. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Requirements
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide, so be sure to address each point. In addition, you may want to review the performance level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.
Data Evaluation
Evaluate community demographic, epidemiological, and environmental data.
Identify the relevant data.
Describe the major community health concerns suggested by the data.
Explain how environmental factors affect the health of community residents.
Health Improvement Plan
Develop an ethical health improvement plan that effectively addresses the population health concern that you identified in your evaluation of the relevant data.
Base your plan on the best available evidence from a minimum of 3–5 current scholarly or professional sources.
Apply correct APA formatting to all in-text citations and references.
Attach a reference list to your plan.
Ensure that your plan meets the cultural and environmental needs of your community and will likely lead to some improvement in the community’s health related to this concern.
Consider the environmental realities and challenges that exist in the community. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Address potential barriers or misunderstandings related to the various cultures prevalent in the community.
Justify the value and relevance of the evidence you used as the basis of your plan.
Explain why the evidence is valuable and relevant to the community health concern you are addressing.
Explain why each piece of evidence is appropriate and informs the goal of improving the health of the community.
Propose relevant and measurable criteria for evaluating the outcomes of your plan.
Explain why your proposed criteria are appropriate and useful measures of success.
Explain how you will communicate with colleagues and members of the community, in an ethical, culturally sensitive, and inclusive way, with regard to the development and implementation of your plan.
Develop a clear communications strategy mindful of the cultural and ethical expectations of colleagues and community members regarding data privacy.
Ensure that your strategy enables you to make complex medical terms and concepts understandable to members of the community, regardless of language, disabilities, or level of education.
Evaluates community demographic, epidemiological, and environmental data to diagnose widespread population health issues Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Develops an ethical health improvement plan to address a population health issue within a community.
Justifies the value and relevance of evidence used as the basis of a population health improvement plan.
Proposes criteria for evaluating population health improvement plan outcomes.
Develops a strategy for communicating with colleagues and members of the community in an ethical, culturally sensitive, and inclusive way.
Integrates relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Improving the Health Of Populations
Population health management is the desire to keep the patient population as healthy as possible, minimizing the need for expensive emergency visits, hospitalizations, and procedures. Any serious attempt to improve the health of a population must address health care disparities and inherent patient characteristics related to preventable morbidity and premature mortality in this country. The lack of emphasis on the social determinants of health they relate to population health management is a major problem leading to the suboptimal performance of our healthcare system. Research by the Wisconsin Population Health Institute (2015) found that factors outside of traditional boundaries of health care delivery,
Briefly, the hub is a larger healthcare organization such as a hospital system or managed care plan. The hubs allocate funding to and coordinate activities of the spokes, community-based organizations. Both the healthcare system and community-based organizations work together to manage health promotion activities and health and social services delivery. This is mainly done by the healthcare system contracting and purchasing services through the community organizations. Though relatively new, there is emerging evidence to suggest hub and spoke models may be a promising solution to improving the health of populations in rural settings. For example, researchers in Australia examined the implementation of hub and spoke models in rural areas of North West Queensland, Australia and found that these type of models increased occasions of services, workforce length of stay, referrals and cost effectiveness (Battye & McTaggart, 2003).The United States has also seen success using this type of model to serve the needs of a defined population. Recently, the University of New Mexico launched a project called the extension of community health care outcomes (ECHO) and partnered with over 400 community coalitions with the goal of providing more access to Hepatitis C treatment to all individuals in New Mexico, targeting those in rural and underserved areas (Harwood, 2016). Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
The challenges to healthcare in Canada are well known: non-sustainable increases in expenditures1 which are eroding our capacity to address other pressing societal needs and a growing burden of chronic disease2 creating ever more expenses.
In response to these realities, the Triple Aim has been widely adopted: improving population health; improving the patient care experience; and reducing healthcare expenditures.3
Improvements in the quality and efficiency of medical care have been made, but expenditures continue to rise. This is because our priorities have been wrong: an over-emphasis on medical care to the neglect of population health interventions.
Of the modifiable determinants of population health, medical care accounts for about 20%, and the social determinants of health (SDOH) account for 80%. Within the SDOH, health behaviours (smoking, diet, exercise, alcohol and drug use and unsafe sex) about 30%, physical environment about 10% and socioeconomic factors (early childhood development, food, housing, income, education/training, social supports and social justice) about 40%. 4,5 The field of genetics, while important, is considered relatively unmodifiable at this time and so is not included in this analysis. Those who are deprived of the SDOH are stressed, have poorer health and often an early death. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
But healthcare systems are spending about 90% on medical care and less than 10% on the SDOH.1 While the healthcare system should have a prominent role in addressing these issues, this can’t be done in isolation. To address the SDOH, innovations are needed both ‘within the walls’ of healthcare in clinical settings and ‘outside the walls’ by cooperating with other agencies across the community and all levels of government and society. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Innovation is happening more quickly in the US, driven by healthcare expenditures that are much more out of control than in Canada. Under the Accountable Care Act there are financial incentives to improve population health through Accountable Care Organizations and Accountable Health Communities.6 They are investing healthcare dollars in progressive programs such as subsidized housing for low income patients, ‘food pharmacies’ within hospitals and farmers’ markets and nutritious food outlets in poorer communities.7 Similar initiatives are beginning in Canada.3 These experiences suggest the following innovations for healthcare systems across Canada6: Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Geographically define the population being served. Usually this will be a city, town or cluster of smaller communities and can include special populations (e.g. the frail elderly or the homeless).
Create a strong local healthcare governance body that includes health professionals as well as patient and citizen representation. This governance body provides leadership, oversight and a mechanism for planning, data analysis and reporting, communication and accountbility.7
Financial allocation should urgently move away from fee-for-service (volume-based) payments to more global budgets (value-based payment) with incentives for improved clinical and population health outcomes.
In addition to comprehensive clinical services, interventions on the SDOH should be included (such as identifying patients in need of food, housing, employment, skills training or income supports) and linking them to appropriate services directly or through programs such as Health Leads8 or Basics for Health.9
Integrated, interprofessional healthcare teams should include community development experts along with physicians, specialists, nurses, pharmacists, physiotherapists, mental health professionals, public health experts and others.
Clinical information must be included in an interoperable electronic health record (EHR) and be enhanced by patients’ SDOH data. These data should be made available to patients and professional caregivers as needed, with appropriate privacy and security measures in place. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
These health data need to be linked and analysed to track health outcomes and expenditures for the patient and the population (‘Big Data’) and made available in regular reports to support a ‘learning culture’ within healthcare and to be accountable for expenditures and outcomes.
A ‘Collective Impact’ approach with sectors in the community ‘outside the walls’ of healthcare is required to tackle some of the more challenging SDOH such as poverty, homelessness and hunger. The key elements of this are10: a common agenda, governance by a strong intersectoral ‘backbone’ organization (healthcare playing an important role), common metrics of performance, mutually supportive activities, constant communication and trusting relationships.11
Addressing the SDOH will reduce the burden of chronic disease and lower healthcare expenditures. This can12 and should be done11 but there are barriers to overcome. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
Entrenched attitudes (both public and professional) and vested interests encourage the ongoing over-emphasis on clinical care as the chief means to better health. To change this will require effective leadership.
Good leadership requires clear vision, values and goals and the ability to change mindsets and attitudes and to bring together the right people to make the necessary changes. The federal and provincial governments have an opportunity to provide both the necessary leadership and incentives to encourage innovative change. Provinces and health authorities should be made accountable for spending transfer payments on a balance of population health policies (as above) and medical care improvements. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay
There has been much talk about innovation – it is time for our governments to take the lead in working with local communities to transform Canadian healthcare. Population Health Improvement Plan Essay